Which of the following is considered as the earliest compilation? [#1649]

The Rigveda is the oldest Veda, or sacred text of Hinduism, and was compiled around 1500 BCE. It is a collection of 1,028 hymns (sūktas) arranged into 10 books (maṇḍalas). The Rigveda is considered one of the oldest religious texts in the world.

---

The Rigveda is the oldest Veda, or sacred text of Hinduism, and was compiled around 1500 BCE. It is a collection of 1,028 hymns (sūktas) arranged into 10 books (maṇḍalas). The Rigveda is considered one of the oldest religious texts in the world.

Banawali, an archaeological site located in the Fatehabad district of Haryana, India, is a significant Indus Valley Civilization settlement. Among its numerous findings, a terracotta model of a plough (which creates furrows) stands out as crucial evidence for understanding the agricultural practices of the Harappan people. While a ploughed field with furrows has been discovered at Kalibangan, the actual clay model of the plough itself was found at Banawali, providing direct insight into the tools used for tilling the land during that ancient period.

---

Banawali, an archaeological site located in the Fatehabad district of Haryana, India, is a significant Indus Valley Civilization settlement. Among its numerous findings, a terracotta model of a plough (which creates furrows) stands out as crucial evidence for understanding the agricultural practices of the Harappan people. While a ploughed field with furrows has been discovered at Kalibangan, the actual clay model of the plough itself was found at Banawali, providing direct insight into the tools used for tilling the land during that ancient period.

Bimbisara, who ruled Magadha from approximately 544 BCE to 492 BCE, is widely recognized as the founder of the Haryanka Dynasty. He implemented strategic expansion policies, including conquest and matrimonial alliances, which significantly strengthened Magadha's power and laid the groundwork for its future imperial expansion. He also established an efficient administrative system and was a contemporary and patron of both Gautama Buddha and Mahavira.

---

Bimbisara, who ruled Magadha from approximately 544 BCE to 492 BCE, is widely recognized as the founder of the Haryanka Dynasty. He implemented strategic expansion policies, including conquest and matrimonial alliances, which significantly strengthened Magadha's power and laid the groundwork for its future imperial expansion. He also established an efficient administrative system and was a contemporary and patron of both Gautama Buddha and Mahavira.

Ayurveda, an ancient Indian medical text, is considered the "Science of Life," offering insights into traditional Indian medicine and wellness.

---

Ayurveda, an ancient Indian medical text, is considered the "Science of Life," offering insights into traditional Indian medicine and wellness.

Simhavishnu was a significant king of the Pallava dynasty, reigning in South India during the late 6th century CE (approximately 575-600 CE). He is widely credited with the revival and expansion of the Pallava power, establishing their dominance in the region and laying the foundation for what is often referred to as the "Greater Pallavas." His title "Avanisimha," meaning "Lion of the Earth," signifies his military prowess and his role in consolidating the Pallava kingdom by defeating various contemporary powers like the Kalabhras and extending his rule south of Kanchipuram up to the Kaveri River. He was also a patron of arts and literature, and his reign marked the beginning of a significant period in Pallava history.

---

Simhavishnu was a significant king of the Pallava dynasty, reigning in South India during the late 6th century CE (approximately 575-600 CE). He is widely credited with the revival and expansion of the Pallava power, establishing their dominance in the region and laying the foundation for what is often referred to as the "Greater Pallavas." His title "Avanisimha," meaning "Lion of the Earth," signifies his military prowess and his role in consolidating the Pallava kingdom by defeating various contemporary powers like the Kalabhras and extending his rule south of Kanchipuram up to the Kaveri River. He was also a patron of arts and literature, and his reign marked the beginning of a significant period in Pallava history.

The Rashtrakuta Empire built the Kailasa Temple in Ellora, Maharashtra, a renowned example of ancient Indian rock-cut architecture.

---

The Rashtrakuta Empire built the Kailasa Temple in Ellora, Maharashtra, a renowned example of ancient Indian rock-cut architecture.

Red was a very common color used in Harappan pottery. The Harappans were skilled potters who often used red clay to create their vessels. This red clay, when fired, would produce a vibrant and durable pottery.

---

Red was a very common color used in Harappan pottery. The Harappans were skilled potters who often used red clay to create their vessels. This red clay, when fired, would produce a vibrant and durable pottery.

The ancient Indian text "Rasaratnakara" (meaning "Ocean of Mercury" or "Jewel Mine of Mercury"), which delves into the intricacies of alchemy, metallurgy, and chemistry, is widely attributed to the Indian metallurgist and chemist Nagarjuna. This work is significant for detailing processes like the extraction of various metals including gold, silver, tin, and copper. While there can be some historical ambiguity due to multiple individuals bearing the name Nagarjuna and other texts with similar titles (like a 13th-century work by Nityanatha Siddha), the most prominent "Rasaratnakara" in the context of ancient Indian chemistry is associated with Nagarjuna, often placed around the 8th century AD.

---

The ancient Indian text "Rasaratnakara" (meaning "Ocean of Mercury" or "Jewel Mine of Mercury"), which delves into the intricacies of alchemy, metallurgy, and chemistry, is widely attributed to the Indian metallurgist and chemist Nagarjuna. This work is significant for detailing processes like the extraction of various metals including gold, silver, tin, and copper. While there can be some historical ambiguity due to multiple individuals bearing the name Nagarjuna and other texts with similar titles (like a 13th-century work by Nityanatha Siddha), the most prominent "Rasaratnakara" in the context of ancient Indian chemistry is associated with Nagarjuna, often placed around the 8th century AD.

Harihara and Bukka, two brothers, founded the Vijayanagara Empire in the 14th century, which became a powerful Hindu kingdom.

---

Harihara and Bukka, two brothers, founded the Vijayanagara Empire in the 14th century, which became a powerful Hindu kingdom.

Pulakeshin I is recognized as the founder and first sovereign ruler of the Chalukya dynasty of Vatapi (modern Badami) in present-day Karnataka, India. His reign is most accurately dated from approximately 543 CE to 566 CE. The year 543 CE, marked by his earliest inscription, is often considered the pivotal "decision time" or the formal commencement of his independent rule, during which he established the foundation of the powerful Chalukyan empire.

---

Pulakeshin I is recognized as the founder and first sovereign ruler of the Chalukya dynasty of Vatapi (modern Badami) in present-day Karnataka, India. His reign is most accurately dated from approximately 543 CE to 566 CE. The year 543 CE, marked by his earliest inscription, is often considered the pivotal "decision time" or the formal commencement of his independent rule, during which he established the foundation of the powerful Chalukyan empire.

Rig Veda.

---

Rig Veda.